Nicola Sturgeon has admitted that the Scottish government's use of WhatsApp was "too common" during the COVID pandemic - but said decisions were not made over the messaging app.
Scotland's former first minister is giving evidence at the COVID Inquiry as it probes the devolved administration's response to the pandemic.
Ms Sturgeon told the inquiry that the Scottish government was open, transparent and accountable during the pandemic, but admitted it "will not have got every decision right" and "will have made misjudgements".
She said: "Openness and transparency with the Scottish public was very important to me from the outset of the pandemic.
"I communicated to the public on a daily basis for a lengthy period of time.
"We will not have got every decision right, and we will have made misjudgements, and there will be undoubtedly instances put to me today where, on reflection, I will think that we could have been more transparent than we were.
"But given the nature of the emergency that we were confronted with, building a relationship of trust with the public was important.
"And in my view, then and in my view now, that had to be built on a spirit of openness."
Ms Sturgeon said the use of WhatsApp was "too common" but maintained that she did not use informal messaging apps for decision-making.
She said: "I have not said, and I'm not saying today, that I never used informal means of communication. What I am saying is that I did so very rarely and not to discuss issues of substance or anything that could be described as decision-making.
"There was a high degree of formality around the decision-making of the Scottish government."
Ms Sturgeon, who was a near-constant presence on the nation's TV during the pandemic, announced her shock resignation as SNP leader and first minister in February 2023.
In June, she was arrested and later released without charge amid an ongoing police investigation into the SNP's funding and finances.
And now, her leadership and competence during the pandemic are under scrutiny - with accusations of secrecy and an inclination to hoard power.
